• The gastrointestinal (GI) tract is innervated by intrinsic enteric neurons and extrinsic efferent and afferent nerves.
• Enteric nervous system (ENS) consists of two main ganglionated layers; myenteric and submucosal ganglia, containing numerous types of enteric neurons and glial cells.
• Axons arising from the ENS regulate many gut functions while Schwann cell precursors along with a subpopulation of cells in myenterics migrate to form the mucosal region for further development.
• Recent progress has been made in understanding molecular mechanisms that control both intrinsic as well as extrinsc innervation processes during GI tract's development
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